THE DIGESTIVE AND 

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

At the end of this topic you should know the following:

1. The four processes that the digestive system has to perform.

2. The structure of the digestive system and the workings of each one.

3. Name and identify the following parts of the digestive system

i. pharynx             vi. oesphagus

ii. liver              vii. stomach

iii. gall bladder      viii. pancreas

iv. intestines         ix. bowel

v. rectum               x. anus

4. Understand how the liver, pancreas and gall bladder aid digestion.

5. Describe 'How food is digested'.

6. Know the 3 functions of the excretory system.

7. Know through what systems the body excretes.

8. Name and identify the following parts of the excretory system.

i. blood vessels

ii. kidneys

iii. ureter

iv. bladder

v. uretha

9. Know what job the following parts of the excretory system do.

i. the kidneys

ii. the ureter

iii. the bladder

1V.the uretha

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DEFINITION - IT ABSORBS NUTRIENTS TO FEED THE BODY.

Read page 39 - Fundamentals of Health and PE.

Write down the 4 processes that the digestive system has to perform.

The digestive system consists of:-

i. the mouth

ii. the pharynx

iii. the oesophagus

iv. the stomach

v. the intestines

Using Fundamentals of Health and PE - write a few sentences on the workings

of the each of the 5 above.

Collect a sheet 'The Digestive System'. Label and colour the following parts:-

i. pharynx                x. tranverse colon

ii. salivary glands       xi. illeum

iii. oesphagus            xii. descending colon

iv. liver                 xiii. ascending colon

v. stomach                xiv. appendix

vi. gall bladder          xv. bowel

vii. pancreas             xvi. rectum

viii. gall bladder        xvii. anal canal

ix. jejunum               xviii.anus

Fill in the following words in the passage below. Underline your answer.

colon, chyme, pharynx, muscles, tongue, anal canal, absorbed, stomach,

duodenum, oesphagus, faeces, gastric juices, sugar, jejunum, saliva,

blood, gall bladder, gullet, larynx, liver, rectum, epiglottis, alcohol, pancreas,

water.

Food enters the mouth where it is moistened by _______________ and

chewed. With the help of the _______________ it is passed into the __________.

From there it enters the _____________. The _________closes off the larynx to prevent food entering the lungs. The oesphagus, commonly called the _____________, ends in the stomach. Muscles force food down the oesphagus and another muscle helps prevent food from returning from the stomach to the oesphagus. The major part of the digestion takes place in the ______________ where the food is mixed with _____________ ______________ and becomes a creamy liquid called ________________. The stomach wall can absorb food such as _______________, ________________ and _______________. In the small intestine, chemical digestion continues but food is also _____________ into the blood. The small intestine is divided into three parts; the ______________, the ______________ and the ________________. Digestive juices from the _____________, ____________ and the ____________ __________________ help digestion. After digestion and absorption in the small intestine, fluid waste is passed into the ___________, the first part of the large intestine. Water and salts are removed. Solid waste, ________________, is stored in the _______________ and then passed from the body through the _______________ _______________.

The Liver, Pancreas and Gall Bladder also help aid digestion. Write a sentence detailing what these three do:-

Underline the three organs/glands.

THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM DEFINITION - THE WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEM OF THE BODY.

Read page 34 'Fundamentals of Health and PE' and write down the three functions.

THE STRUCTURE AND WORKINGS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

The body excretes through four systems.

The DIGESTIVE system - which removes wastes through the bowel.

The RESPIRATORY system - which removes carbon dioxide from the lungs.

The SKIN system - which removes water and other wastes through the skin.

The URINARY system - which excretes urine.

Collect a sheet on the Urinary system and label and colour the following parts:-

i. blood vessels   iv. ureter

ii. right kidney    v. bladder

iii. left kidney    vi. uretha

Explain, in your own words, the jobs of the following:-

i. the kidneys      iii. the bladder

ii. the ureter       iv. the uretha